Agricultural holdings refer to economic units of agricultural production that operate under a single management system and comprise all land and livestock used wholly or partly for agricultural production, regardless of ownership status, legal form, or size [1]. They represent the basic organizational units of agricultural production, in which resources such as land, labor, machinery, and other inputs are managed collectively for farming activities [1]. Agricultural holdings may be operated by individuals, households, cooperatives, corporations, or public institutions, and may consist of one or multiple parcels of land that function as a single production unit through coordinated management and shared production resources. Unlike agricultural land ownership, which primarily concerns legal rights over land, agricultural holdings are defined by operational control and the organization of agricultural production activities [2]. In agricultural development and policy research, agricultural holdings serve as an analytical unit for examining farm structures, land use patterns, production organization, and changes in agricultural systems over time [3].
Agricultural Development and Policies • Agronomy and Crop Science • Agricultural and Biological Sciences • Life Sciences