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| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jack Zhong | -- | 195 | 2026-09-24 05:33:38 | | | |
| 2 | Jack Zhong | Meta information modification | 195 | 2026-09-24 05:37:32 | | | | |
| 3 | Jack Zhong | -8 word(s) | 187 | 2026-09-24 05:37:55 | | |
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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy is a measurement in which a small sinusoidal perturbation is applied to an electrochemical cell over a range of frequencies and the complex ratio of the voltage response to the current is recorded, so that processes with different time constants appear at different frequencies. In a battery this separates charge transfer, double-layer charging, solid-state diffusion and contact resistance, which is why the technique is a standard way to follow what happens inside a working lithium cell [1]. Turning a spectrum into numbers still requires a model, and combining a physics-based model with the measurement is how state of health is usually estimated [2]. The measurement itself is sensitive to how it is designed, and a statistical design of experiments has been used to quantify which factors dominate the spectrum of a nickel-rich cell [3]. Whether the full frequency sweep is necessary is an open question, and alternatives based on direct current have been compared against it [4]. Shortening the measurement without losing information is an active concern, addressed through excitation signal design [5].
References
- Gaberšček, M. Understanding Li-based battery materials via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Nature Communications 2021, 12, 6513. [CrossRef]
- Galatro, D.; Da Silva, C.; Romero, D.A.; Gong, Z.; Trescases, O.; Amon, C.H. Battery Health Diagnosis Approach Integrating Physics‐Based Modeling with Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. Energy Technology 2022, 10, 2100942. [CrossRef]
- Erol, S. A Statistical Design Approach on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy of NMC Li-Ion Battery. Journal of The Electrochemical Society 2022, 169, 100503. [CrossRef]
- Guo, J.; Xu, Y.; Li, P.; Pedersen, K.; Gaberšček, M.; Stroe, D. Can Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy be Replaced by Direct Current Techniques in Battery Diagnosis?. ChemPhysChem 2024, 25, e202400528. [CrossRef]
- Sundaresan, S.; Pattipati, K.R.; Balasingam, B. Excitation Signal Design for Fast Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy in Battery Testing. Batteries 2025, 11, 408. [CrossRef]
