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| 1 | Jack Zhong | -- | 235 | 2026-09-24 05:19:45 | | | |
| 2 | Jack Zhong | -13 word(s) | 222 | 2026-09-24 05:25:47 | | |
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Electrocatalytic activity is the rate at which an electrode material accelerates an electrochemical reaction at a given potential, and it is reported either as a current density at a fixed overpotential or as the overpotential needed to reach a stated current. Because the measured current contains contributions from the surface area, the mass transport and the ohmic drop, activity is meaningful only when the area is known and the measurement is corrected for the other two. The quantity that has proved most useful in comparing materials is the binding energy of a key intermediate, and plotting activity against it gives the characteristic volcano shape: too weak a binding fails to activate the reactant, too strong a binding poisons the surface, and the optimum lies in between [1]. That correlation, established empirically for oxide surfaces, was later rationalised from bulk thermochemistry, which explains why a bulk quantity can predict a surface rate [2]. Simple compositional descriptors, average metal-ion electronegativity among them, then serve to screen families of compounds before any calculation is done [3]. The same logic applies to selectivity, where a descriptor has to separate the desired product from a competing one [4]. Particle size and crystal phase shift the position of a material on the volcano, so activity is not a property of composition alone [5].
References
- Zagal, J.H.; Gulppi, M.; Isaacs, M.; Cárdenas-Jirón, G.; Aguirre, M.J.́. Linear versus volcano correlations between electrocatalytic activity and redox and electronic properties of metallophthalocyanines. Electrochimica Acta 1998, 44, 1349-1357. [CrossRef]
- Calle-Vallejo, F.; Díaz-Morales, O.A.; Kolb, M.J.; Koper, M.T.M. Why Is Bulk Thermochemistry a Good Descriptor for the Electrocatalytic Activity of Transition Metal Oxides?. ACS Catalysis 2015, 5, 869-873. [CrossRef]
- Ying, M.; Liu, Y.; Lin, X.; Ye, H.; Pan, H.; Du, M. Average metal ion electronegativity as a general descriptor for screening Ni-based double hydroxides with high electrocatalytic water oxidation activity. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 2022, 925, 116901. [CrossRef]
- Yang, L.; Fan, J.; Zhu, W. An effective descriptor for identifying the electrocatalytic activity and selectivity of bilayer carbon-based heterojunction catalysts. Carbon 2024, 222, 119006. [CrossRef]
- Cui, A.; Ren, P.; Bai, Y.; Yu, H.; Meng, H. Nanoparticle size effect of Pt and TiO2 anatase/rutile phases “volcano-type” curve for HOR electrocatalytic activity at Pt/TiO2-CNx nanocatalysts. Applied Surface Science 2022, 584, 152644. [CrossRef]
