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| Version | Summary | Created by | Modification | Content Size | Created at | Operation |
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| 1 | Helena Kang | -- | 192 | 2026-09-23 08:42:46 |
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Radical copolymerization is the simultaneous chain-growth incorporation of two or more chemically distinct vinyl (or related) monomers into one macromolecule through carbon-centered radical intermediates [1][2]. The concept is bounded by a radical chain carrier and by at least two monomers that compete for addition to the same propagating radical. Essential features are the pairwise reactivity ratios that quantify each radical’s preference for homo-addition versus cross-addition, a terminal or penultimate kinetic model that relates instantaneous copolymer composition to the feed, and a joint molecular-weight distribution that reflects the shared radical lifetime. Alternating or sequence-regulated cases arise when the cross-propagation constants greatly exceed the homo-propagation constants, as in vinyl ether–cyclic ketene acetal pairs or styrene–N-substituted maleimide pairs [2][3][4]. Simultaneous chain-growth and step-growth radical copolymerization combines vinyl addition with a complementary radical coupling or ring-opening event in one kinetic scheme [1]. The process is distinguished from block copolymerization by the statistical (or alternating) placement of comonomers along a single chain grown in one operation, and from coordination copolymerization by the radical rather than metal–alkyl chain carrier.
References
- Masato Mizutani; Edmund F. Palermo; Laura M. Thoma; Kotaro Satoh; Masami Kamigaito; Kenichi Kuroda; Design and Synthesis of Self-Degradable Antibacterial Polymers by Simultaneous Chain- and Step-Growth Radical Copolymerization. Biomacromolecules 2012, 13, 1554-1563. [CrossRef]
- Antoine Tardy; Jean‐Claude Honoré; Johanna Tran; Didier Siri; Vianney Delplace; Isabelle Bataille; Didier Letourneur; Josette Perrier; Cendrine Nicoletti; Marc Maresca; Catherine Lefay; Didier Gigmes; Julien Nicolas; Yohann Guillaneuf; Radical Copolymerization of Vinyl Ethers and Cyclic Ketene Acetals as a Versatile Platform to Design Functional Polyesters. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 2017, 56, 16515-16520. [CrossRef]
- Takamasa Soejima; Kotaro Satoh; Masami Kamigaito; Main-Chain and Side-Chain Sequence-Regulated Vinyl Copolymers by Iterative Atom Transfer Radical Additions and 1:1 or 2:1 Alternating Radical Copolymerization. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 944-954. [CrossRef]
- Jean‐François Lutz; Bernhard V. K .J. Schmidt; Sebastian Pfeifer; Tailored Polymer Microstructures Prepared by Atom Transfer Radical Copolymerization of Styrene and N‐substituted Maleimides. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2011, 32, 127-135. [CrossRef]
