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Office, E.E. Secondary Socialization. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60298 (accessed on 05 October 2026).
Office EE. Secondary Socialization. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60298. Accessed October 05, 2026.
Office, Encyclopedia Editorial. "Secondary Socialization" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60298 (accessed October 05, 2026).
Office, E.E. (2026, September 23). Secondary Socialization. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60298
Office, Encyclopedia Editorial. "Secondary Socialization." Encyclopedia. Web. 23 September, 2026.
Secondary Socialization
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Secondary socialization is the ongoing process through which individuals acquire knowledge, norms, values, behaviors, and role expectations associated with specific social groups, institutions, and social contexts after primary socialization [1][2]. It commonly occurs through participation in educational institutions, workplaces, peer groups, professional communities, and other organized or informal social settings [2][3]. Secondary socialization may involve learning role-specific knowledge and language, understanding institutional expectations, developing appropriate patterns of interaction, and internalizing the norms and meanings associated with particular social environments [1][2]. These experiences can also influence how individuals perceive themselves and others, contributing to the development of role identities, group identification, and a sense of belonging [2][4]. Unlike primary socialization, which establishes basic orientations to society during childhood, secondary socialization builds upon previously acquired understandings and continues across the life course as individuals enter new social roles and contexts [1][2]. The process may reinforce existing values and identities or introduce new expectations that individuals incorporate into their developing social identities.

secondary socialization socialization role identity social norms group identification social roles

References

  1. Berger, P. L.; Luckmann, T. The Social Construction of Reality: A Treatise in the Sociology of Knowledge; Anchor Books: New York, NY, USA, 1966. https://amstudugm.wordpress.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/social-construction-of-reality.pdf.
  2. V. Gecas. Socialization, Sociology of; Elsevier: Amsterdam, NX, Netherlands, 2001; pp. 14525-14530. [CrossRef]
  3. Blake E. Ashforth; David M. Sluss; Alan M. Saks; Socialization tactics, proactive behavior, and newcomer learning: Integrating socialization models. J. Vocat. Behav. 2007, 70, 447-462. [CrossRef]
  4. James R. Austin; Daniel S. Isbell; Joshua A. Russell; A multi-institution exploration of secondary socialization and occupational identity among undergraduate music majors. Psychol. Music. 2010, 40, 66-83. [CrossRef]
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Subjects: Psychology
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