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Office, E.E. Medium Instruction. Encyclopedia. Available online: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60185 (accessed on 05 October 2026).
Office EE. Medium Instruction. Encyclopedia. Available at: https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60185. Accessed October 05, 2026.
Office, Encyclopedia Editorial. "Medium Instruction" Encyclopedia, https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60185 (accessed October 05, 2026).
Office, E.E. (2026, September 21). Medium Instruction. In Encyclopedia. https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/60185
Office, Encyclopedia Editorial. "Medium Instruction." Encyclopedia. Web. 21 September, 2026.
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Medium instruction refers to the use of a particular language as the primary medium through which educational content is taught, communicated, and assessed within an instructional setting [1]. The concept concerns the relationship between the language used for teaching and the transmission of subject knowledge, distinguishing the instructional language from the languages that may be taught as learning objectives themselves[1][2]. In language education and pedagogy, medium instruction encompasses decisions and practices regarding the selection and use of a language of instruction, including situations involving a first language, an additional language, or multiple languages as the medium for educational interaction [1][2].
language of instruction
bilingual education
language policy
educational linguistics
References
- Tollefson, James W., & Tsui, Amy B. M. (Eds.). Medium of Instruction Policies; Taylor & Francis: London, United Kingdom, 2003. [CrossRef]
- Baker, Colin. 2011. Foundations of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism. Multilingual Matters. https://books.google.com/books/about/Foundations_of_Bilingual_Education_and_B.html?id=HgbPBQAAQBAJ
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Language & Linguistics
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